 Theories of Leadership
 There are factors that enable the emergence of leadership. The trait theory posits that to be a successful leader, the leader's personal abilities are very much determined at birth and not created, This has been believed for years by many people".[31] The author does not agree with this theory, the author perceives that leadership traits are not only acquired from birth, some are developed in childhood, during study (school) as well as through work experience that can add and develop leadership traits. John P Kotter expressed his opinion about the source of these traits and argues that  "Some traits appear to be innate, some characteristics are developed relatively early in childhood, some traits are developed by the educational system, surprisingly most aspects are developed in jobs that are part of a person's career after education." [32]
This theory has however has some weaknesses:
1) The details of the properties referred to by the proponents of this theory do not match.
 2) There is difficulty in determining the qualities that a leader must possess.Â
3) History states that certain situations and conditions require certain qualities of a leader.[33]
This environmental theory also states that the emergence of leaders is the result of time, place, circumstances and opportunities. A challenge in an important situation and condition will show someone to be a leader. The description is that certain situations and conditions give rise to certain challenges that automatically required people with  certain characteristics that are synchronized or appropriate to take up the challenge. In line with this theory is social theory, which also posits that "leaders are made not born". A person will appear as a leader if he is in a group and uses situations and conditions to act and work to overcome or resolve existing problems. As Jimmy Oentoro stated, "a leader is someone who understands the state of his community and goes out of his way to make changes in it".[34]
 The Challenge of Living in Integrity as Christian Leaders
Jonathan Parapak, a Christian scholar and founder of Perkantas, in his foreword to the book Jonathan Lamb said that "it is even more concerning that the problem of divisions and clashes in various Christian institutions and even in the church is growing due to problems of corruption and the integrity of its officials. . Maybe we tend to see integrity only from the point of view of money corruption, but we forget that integrity is closely related to all aspects of life."[35] Integrity is the main capital of a leader, but at the same time the least capital owned by leaders. This is the greatest tragedy in leadership. Leadership researchers James Kouzes and Barry Posner report that for over nearly 20 years, a survey conducted of thousands of professionals from four continents revealed that the number one most critical characteristic for a leader is integrity.[36]
In this third millennium, the need for true leaders is becoming more evident. As a global community, a nation, as well as a more limited community, the world has come to a stage full of risks. Leaders who are not visionary, have high integrity, and are intelligent can harm those they lead.[37]
John Stott argues that integrity, consistency, sincerity, transparency, authenticity and reliability are virtues of Christian moral qualities. Unfortunately, these qualities do not always characterize the lives of God's people. He further said that integrity is a characteristic of people who are harmoniously integrated, in which there is no dichotomy between private life and public life, between what is witnessed and what is done, between what is said and what is done. Integrity is an essential trait of a leader and most importantly of an evangelist.[38]
