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Ilmu Sosbud

Starting Green Transition in Kalimantan to Entrench Economic Dynamism, Social Progress, and Environmental Sustainability

15 Maret 2023   18:38 Diperbarui: 15 Maret 2023   18:40 181
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The global hegemon  
• Keeps GLOBAL order (sets global norms)  with its overwhelming military power and
• maintains Systemic Stability with its  overwhelming economic power

Previous Global Hegemons
1. 19th Century: United Kingdom: Only 22 countries have  never attacked by UK: The Sun never sets in the British  Empire” (Stuart Laycock).
2. 20th Century: United States: "[In July 2015] … the United  States still maintains nearly 800 military bases in more  than 70 countries and territories abroad—from giant  ‘Little Americas’ to small radar facilities. Britain, France  and Russia, by contrast, have about 30 foreign bases  combined.” (David Vine).

The New International Normal: Regional Clusters
•Will China become the next Global Hegemon,  replacing the USA that had replaced the UK? NO  because India is rising too → No more Global  Hegemon outcome in future
•For the Multi-Polar World, 800 worldwide military  bases by each major power is too dangerously  accident-prone → National security objective is met  by dividing the world into Spheres of Influence e.g. US  chronic agitation over Cuba, China reaches into the  South China Sea

SDSN Projects to Reduce Tensions in Cold War 2.0 

• The national security objective is driven primarily  by mutual distrust about each other’s intentions,  so SDSN designs US-China projects with win-win  outcomes to build trust between US and China.
• SDSN trust-building activities include US-China  cooperation to fight climate change, preserve  bio-diversity, and expand good parts of  globalization.

2.Dealing with Climate Change and  the Destruction of Bio-Diversity SDSN in ASEAN 

1.The ASEAN Green Future project  (AGF)
2.The Science Panel for Southeast  Asia Biodiversity Protection on Land NZE = Net Zero Emissions of Greenhouse Gases
• NZE means transformation to green economy,Global NZE  has to be achieved by 2050 to meet 1.5oC target
• NZE requires a comprehensive investment program that will  not emerge from a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario.Successful NZE requires government actions across many  fronts: regulations, education, public investments, and  foreign technological assistance
• NZE for Indonesia is not only responsible global citizenship  but also an externally enforced requirement e.g. European  Green Deal will start putting tariffs on goods from countries  with weak climate actions.SDSN ”ASEAN Green Future (AGF)” Project to fight Climate Change
• Nine country teams (Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,  Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) are  analyzing the pathways to achieve NZE.

The ”ASEAN Green Future (AGF)” Framework The specific characteristics ASEAN, like vast rainforests and  plantation agriculture, mean that NZE consists of
1. Reduction in CO2 emission by technical systems like power-generation industry, and transportation sector,decarbonization of technical systems
2. Increase in CO2 absorption by natural carbon sinkholes  with reforestation and restoration of mangrove systems,  and increase carbon-absorptive capacity of soil with  rehabilitation of mined-out land and use of organic  fertiliser,re-carbonization of natural eco-systems.Science Panel on Southeast Asia Biodiversity (SP-SEA)
• SP-SEA is a spinoff from the “re-carbonization of  natural eco-systems” component of AGF that was  motivated by the desire to also study protection of  biodiversity in the context of economic development
• SP-SEA was inspired by the success of SDSN project  Science Panel for the Amazon (SPA). 

3.The Work Agenda for SP-SEA 

1. Forest – protection and expansion → preserve biodiversity and  enlarge natural carbon sinkholes
2. Agriculture – reduce environmental damage & increase crop  resilience & improve soil fertility  
3. Indigenous communities -- Social justice & economic progress  4. Land use – green cities
• SP-SEA will start with Borneo which already has cooperation  of Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysian in Heart of Borneo  project. Geographical coverage will increase.
• SP-SEA will expand into “life below the waters of Southeast  Asia”

4. The Time for Leadership from  Indonesia & Universitas Palangka Raya (UPR)

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