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Muhammad Rinaldi Tarayuda
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American Drug Culture: The "Zombie City" in Philadelphia

15 Juni 2023   00:58 Diperbarui: 15 Juni 2023   01:00 467
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American drug culture is the collective set of beliefs, practices, and attitudes surrounding drug use within American society. It encompasses the ways in which drugs are perceived, utilized, and integrated into various aspects of American life. The meaning of American drug culture is shaped by historical events, social dynamics, popular culture, legal frameworks, and individual experiences. It reflects the values, norms, and behaviors associated with drug consumption in the United States. The meaning of American drug culture is not fixed or universal, as it evolves over time and can be interpreted differently by different individuals and communities. It encompasses a wide range of beliefs, practices, and attitudes, from those who advocate for drug decriminalization or legalization to those who emphasize abstinence and strict drug control policies. Overall, American drug culture represents the complex interplay between drugs, society, and individual choices in the United States. 

American drug culture is diverse and complex, encompassing both legal and illegal substances. It includes the use of alcohol, tobacco, prescription medications, as well as illicit drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, opioids, and psychedelics. The meaning of drug culture in America can vary across different subcultures, age groups, and regions, as well as among different racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.

Popular culture, including music, movies, and literature, has both reflected and influenced American drug culture. From jazz and rock 'n' roll to rap and electronic music, various genres have been intertwined with drug use, reflecting and shaping societal attitudes. Movies like "Easy Rider" and "Trainspotting" have depicted drug use in nuanced ways, contributing to the cultural understanding and meaning of drugs in American society.

The origins of American drug culture can be traced back to the country's early history. The use of various substances for recreational, medicinal, and spiritual purposes has been a part of American society for centuries. However, the specific origins of modern drug culture can be traced to different periods in history. In the 19th century, the opium trade and patent medicines imported from China were widely available and used for various purposes, including pain relief and recreational use. Additionally, patent medicines containing substances like cocaine and cannabis were popular and readily accessible. In the 20th century, prohibition and illegal trade were rising.

The 1960s and 1970s witnessed a significant shift in drug culture with the emergence of the counterculture movement. Influenced by anti-establishment sentiments, the movement rejected traditional values and sought alternative ways of living and experiencing reality. This period saw widespread use of drugs such as marijuana, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), and other psychedelic substances, which were seen as tools for spiritual exploration and expanding consciousness. One of the largest countries who used drugs is Philadelphia, one of the factors is the Opioid crisis. Opioid addiction and overdose deaths have been significant public health concerns in the city. Drugs such as heroin and fentanyl have been major contributors to the crisis, leading to increased efforts in harm reduction, treatment, and prevention. In the 1980s, The drug gained popularity across different social strata, and its use became associated with glamorized images of wealth and power. The emergence of "crack" cocaine, a more affordable and potent form, led to a significant increase in addiction and associated social problems, particularly in urban areas. 

Philadelphia County has the highest overdose rate of any of America's ten most populous counties. According to the city's Department of Health, 75,000 inhabitants are addicted to heroin and other opioids, and many of them commute to Kensington every day to obtain drugs. The area is home to the city's biggest rate of overdose deaths. There were 236 fatal overdoses there in 2017. According to Patrick Trainor, a Drug Enforcement Administration special agent, Kensington is the largest open-air narcotics market for heroin on the East Coast. It is well-known for providing the region's cheapest and finest heroin, and it is a key supplier for dealers in Delaware, New Jersey, and Maryland. For years, the heroin sold in Kensington was clean enough to snort, but that summer, it was injected with an unknown amount of fentanyl. In Philadelphia, fentanyl-related fatalities had climbed by 95% in the previous year. Trainor explains that Kensington has people from all over the country comes to the area, every year “drug tourists” from all across the united states visits Kensington in search of heroin. Eunice Sanchez, a local pastor, put it simply: This area was the “Walmart of heroin”. Drugs in Philadelphia generally has its own history since drugs are sold in an open-air market, anyone can buy it easily in a cheap price with wide availability, people also openly consume it everywhere as if its legal for example, many people living on the streets of Philadelphia's Kensington neighborhood are addicted, openly snorting, inhaling, or injecting illegal narcotics while crouched over crates or on stoops. The strong smell of urine pollutes the air, and syringes litter the pavements. 

Private vehicles, business trucks, leased vehicles, and commercial buses can easily smuggle drugs into and through Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania's combined interstate and state highway system is an efficient and widely used transit network for drug trafficking. After that, the drugs are supplied to the locals. How does unemployment relate to Pennsylvania's current drug problem? Selling narcotics is the same as making quick money. People who are unemployed will always find tactics to survive, even with a 4.7% unemployment rate. Even if it means engaging in illegal activities such as drug dealing. Population, access highways, and unemployment are all factors. Pennsylvania, as one of the most populous states in the US, is an ideal location for illegal drug distribution. For Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic region, Philadelphia is most likely the principal distribution and transshipment site for both licit and illicit drugs.

Despite the federal and state governments of the United States having long promised to aggressively combat the drug problem, lobbying by various interest groups has prevented them from taking any meaningful action. The U.S. government has not responded to the major societal issues caused by the legalization of drugs by tightening drug control but rather by advancing drug legalization. The U.S. government has chosen to prioritize commercial interests over the health and lives of its citizens, which is a major contributing cause to the country's ongoing campaign for drug legalization. According to the Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, an American think tank, it was difficult to identify the significant roles the government is meant to play in addressing one of the major public health issues in the National Drug Control Strategy released by the U.S. government. Instead, it has remained dormant while drug and alcohol misuse gets worse.

Due to financial reasons, the American government has advocated for the legalization of marijuana and other substances. Drug legalization enables the government to collect considerable tax money from the legal drug market, and as a result, the distribution of such revenues becomes a key factor in the legalization of drugs. The United States' administration has used the legalization of drugs as justification for its willingness to do whatever to benefit its economy. The drug problem is a direct result of social governance failure in the United States. Drug and substance misuse in the US is one of the worst public health catastrophes, according to Howard Koh, a former assistant secretary for health at the US Department of Health and Human Services. In addition to placing a significant load on the public health system, it may lead to millions of individuals losing their homes or employment, becoming truants, or experiencing family dissolution. This issue was concealed by the COVID-19 epidemic, but it was simultaneously made worse. The issue demonstrates how the American government's multiple systems of regulation have failed, so an immediate, coordinated, and thorough reaction is required.

The ruling party of an amazing nation continues to scream the phrases "democracy" and "freedom" with greater dignity than anyone else. As a result, there is an issue inside itself, but it has been ignored. In the end, "human rights" are only a pretext for the US government to engage in the affairs of other countries. The United States will not even guarantee its own citizens' basic rights, so how can it talk about achieving what they call the "American Dream"? Now comes the challenging part. What is the city of Philadelphia's attitude on such a drug-induced and dangerous Kensington community? Would the judges believe that they would without hesitation allow those "addicts" on the street backhand into jail to "drink tea" and speak about life? When combined with the many efforts taken by the Philadelphia administration to address this situation, it appears that something has been done, yet it appears that nothing has been done.What did the city of Philadelphia do? Why are drugs continuously banned and even abolished in these developed Western countries? The rationale is self-evident, and it is not as there are connected capital forces behind these pharmaceuticals. The United States has traditionally campaigned for freedom of thought and freedom in general. Facts show that the wonderful country has done it, and it is even so free that carrying a little amount of drugs is permitted. Many Americans assume that drugs are significantly less damaging than alcohol since drugs are not properly defined in the United States.

Now, the streets are still chaotic, with "zombies" roaming around. To put it frankly, the status quo in Philadelphia is an "enlarged version of the United States”, a divided society with increasingly stark class distinctions. With the spread of drugs across the country With the legalization of marijuana, the future of the United States has grown increasingly uncertain. So, here's the question. Is the US government's attitude toward this issue to continue to ignore it and let the country "gone forever" on the downward slope, or to define policies from the root cause to change the status quo? Those "addicts" who have become walking corpses as a result of drug use are rapidly shattering the "American Dream" of this lovely country. The "American Dream" has devolved into the "American Nightmare," and people are no longer captivated by the "lighthouse."

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