Thus, it is anticipated that using this philosophical perspective will result in improvements that will assist the environment.
Indonesian environmental circumstances
Manik claims in the 2016 book Environmental Management that environmental issues affect industrialized nations like Indonesia as well, in addition to developing ones. Because environmental challenges encompass more than just significant factors that may negatively affect some individuals, they constitute an engaging topic for discussion.
 But for all individuals on Earth, if they are not treated well, in addition to their influence, environmental issues are also being discussed more and more because most of these issues are brought on by human activities that don't consider the environment.
Environmental issues are widespread in Indonesia and have not yet been fixed. Extreme weather has a huge impact on this environmental issue since it causes erosion and overflowing rivers, among other things. Indonesia's environmental circumstances are in a terrible state. Corporations continue to exploit and devastate forests from Kalimantan to Papua, particularly through deforestation for the transfer of land to extractive industries.
Natural resources are being exploited by the extractive industries, which not only threaten the livelihoods of tens of millions of indigenous peoples but also have an adverse effect on the declining forests that serve as carbon dioxide absorbers.
According to statistics gathered from WALHI's research, investment permits for the extractive industry cover 159 million hectares of land. 82.91% of land has been lawfully taken over by businesses, compared to 29.75% of sea. The highest annual forest loss in Southeast Asia, according to IPBES 2018 statistics, occurs in Indonesia, where 680,000 hectares of forest are lost each year.Â
Of the 105 rivers that exist today, data on river damage gathered by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry showed that 101 of them were moderately to severely polluted. In addition, WALHI's search from 2013 to 2019 came up some very astounding data, showing that only 25 tycoons actually held all of Indonesia's oil palm land. 12.3 million hectares of forest are under the ownership of this oil palm corporation.Â
5.8 million hectares of the total forest land that has been authorized and granted the authorization are now oil palm plantations.
In contrast, 50--70 million indigenous people reside in Indonesia and depend entirely on the forest for their survival. Conflicts in the regions will rise as a result of the destruction and corporate ownership of forests, which will further accelerate global warming. the government like rolling out the red carpet for capitalism, the government should show more respect for the rights of indigenous peoples and guard against the criminalization of companies.
No less concerning is the Auriga Nusantara report. Papua has seen deforestation that has affected an area of 663.443 hectares over the course of Jokowi's government, or at least the last 20 years. of which 71% occurred between 2011 and 2019. The beginning of 339,247 hectare oil palm plantations is where the majority of deforestation took place.
