Subsea Engineering and Construction

Kuliah Umum dari offshoreskills.com  untuk yang ke 126 mengambil tema subsea engineering construction dan engineering. Kuliah ini berlangsung di gedung program studi teknik kelautan institut teknologi bandung. Kuliah kali ini mengahadirkan Bapak bobby weliyanto sebagai moderator. beliau merupakan subsea instalation lead di BP UK dan telah memilik banyak pengaman dibidang subsea instalation.

Pengenalan tentang subsea construction dimulai dari penjelasan tentang subsea fasilties itu sendiri dimana :

subsea fasilities : "Permanent equipment & infrastructures underwater that are required to enable oil & gas exploitation (production)" atau bisa dikatakan peralatan dan infrastrukture yang permanen di bawah laut yang bertujuan untuk mendukung proses produksi.

Kenapa  dibawah laut?  ini alasannya :

Deep water solution, conventional jacket platform not cost effective in deeper water

Harsh (surface) environment condition

Large & fracture (un-connected) reservoir characteristics

Marginal field, expansion/subsea tie-back

subsea instalation terdiri atas beberapa komponen diantaranya :

Subsea Production System:

christmas tree

gathering manifold

Subsea HIPPS (High Integrity Pressure Protection System)

subsea pump/booster/compression

subsea separation

Spool/jumper

Subsea control system:

subsea control module

main production control umbilical

subsea distribution unit

umbilical termination head/assembly

electrical/hydraulic flying leads

Pipeline system:

pipeline/flowline

type: rigid, flexible

function: production, export, condensate, water injection, gas injection/testing/lift, MEG line

Subsea Safety isolation Valve (SSIV)

Riser (steel catenary riser, rigid riser caisson, flexible riser)

pipeline end termination/ flowline termination assembly (PLET, FTA)

Pipeline insulation system (dry insulation, wet insulation, Direct Electric Heating/DEH)

[caption id="attachment_346527" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEM"][/caption]

Dapat terlihat pada gambar tentang pelatakan masing masing instalasi. FTA merupakan konektor antar pipeline agar memiliki keseimbangan.

kemudian

Subsea Layout yang terdiri atas :

[caption id="attachment_346528" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="cluster layout"]

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Clustered layout

Daisy chain

Single line vs dual line

Subsea tie-back

Subsea to shore

sebagai mana kita tahu bahwasanya dari masing masing memiliki beberapa kluster yang terhubung dengan pipeline dari platform utama. pipeline yang terhubung biasanya terdiri atas doubleppeline yang mempermudah dan efisien saat produksi. masing masing cluster memiliki manifold production well dan komponen lainnya.

pada pemasangan layout, disesuaikan dengtan kontur keadaan geomorfologis laut.

[caption id="attachment_346529" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="SUBSEA CLUSTER LAYOUT"]

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A manifold is a system of header(s), branched piping and valves used to gather produced fluids or to distribute injected fluids.

fungsi nya : Collects produced fluids from subsea wells, or

Distributes injection gas/water

komponen manifold : HIPPS

Hub/Connector

Ball Valve

Gate valve

Main header piping

Branch piping

Control Module/system

Small bore piping/valves

Bend & tees

Insulation*

Flow/WG/Multiphase meter*

Sensor (PT, TT)

Structural frame, lifting eyes

[caption id="attachment_346532" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="manifold"]

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[caption id="attachment_346533" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="manifold komponen"]

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[caption id="attachment_346534" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Manifold in platform"]

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Sumber : materi kuliah umum offshoresoftskills.com dan prodi teknik kelautan ITB