3. Export Expansion
FTAs enable businesses to access foreign markets more easily, leading to increased exports and export diversification. This expansion of export markets enhances competitiveness and profitability for domestic industries.
4. Efficiency Gains
Free trade encourages specialization based on comparative advantage, allowing countries to focus on producing goods and services in which they have a competitive edge. This specialization leads to efficiency gains, resource optimization, and higher productivity.
5. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
FTAs facilitate greater flows of foreign direct investment by providing a stable and predictable business environment. Increased FDI contributes to technology transfer, infrastructure development, and job creation, benefiting both host and home countries.
Kontra Perjanjian Perdagangan Bebas:
1. Perpindahan Pekerjaan
Kritikus berpendapat bahwa perjanjian perdagangan bebas dapat menyebabkan perpindahan pekerjaan dan pengangguran, khususnya di industri yang rentan terhadap persaingan asing.Â
Pekerja di sektor-sektor seperti manufaktur mungkin menghadapi tantangan karena produksi dialihkan ke negara-negara dengan upah tenaga kerja yang lebih rendah.
2. Ketimpangan Pendapatan
Perdagangan bebas dapat memperburuk ketimpangan pendapatan di suatu negara, karena manfaat liberalisasi perdagangan tidak didistribusikan secara merata.Â
