Modern philosophy is a division in the history of Western philosophy which marks the end of the era of scholatisism. It is not easy to draw a clear line between the Renaissance and modern periods. Some people consider that the modern period is only an extension of the Renaissance period.
The Renaissance itself means rebirth, which refers to religious and social movements that began in Italy (mid-14th century). Its main purpose was to realize the perfection of the Christian outlook on life by linking Greek philosophy with the teachings of Christianity and also intended to reunite a divided church -broken.
The flow of modern philosophy.
1. IDEALISM
Idealism is a teaching / ideology or school that considers that
this reality consists of spirits (souls) or souls.
This flow is a flow that is very important in development
the history of the human mind. At first in Western philosophy we meet in form
the pure teachings of Plato. which states that nature, ideals are
which is the true reality. The height of the Idealiasme era
18th and 19th centuries when the period of Idealism. Germany is very big
influence on Europe.
The characters.
1. Plato (477 -347 Sb.M)
2. B. Spinoza (1632 -1677)
3. Liebniz (1685 -1753)
4. Berkeley (1685 -1753)
5. Immanuel Kant (1724 -1881)
6. J. Fichte (1762 -1814)
7. F. Schelling (1755 -1854)
8. G. Hegel (1770 -1831)
2. MATERIALISM
Materialism is a school that considers that this world does not exist except matter or nature and the physical world is one. The Development of Materialism In the first century AD Materialism did not get a serious response, even in the Middle Ages, people considered foreign to this materialism.
3. DUALISM
Dualism is a doctrine or school of thought which views nature as consisting of two kinds of essence, namely material nature and spiritual nature. Both types of essence are free to stand alone, equally azazi and eternal. The relationship between the two creates life in nature.
4. EMPIRICISM
Empiricism comes from the Greek word "empirical" which means sensory experience. Therefore empiricism is attributed to the ideology which chooses experience as the main source of recognition and is meant by both outward experience concerning the world and inner experience concerning the human person.
5. RATIONALISM
Rationalism is a school or school based on ratios, ideas that make sense. In addition, there is no true source of truth. The era of rationalism lasted from the middle of the XVII century to the end of the XVIII century. In this day and age the specialty of science is the exclusive use of reason power to find truth.
6. PHENOMENALISM
Literally Phenomenalism is a school or ideology that considers that Phenomenalism (symptom) is the source of knowledge and truth. A phenomenalist likes to see symptoms. He is different from an ilmupositive expert who collects data, seeks correlations and functions, and makes laws and theories.
7. INTUSIONALISM
Intusionalism is a flow or understanding that considers that intuition (instinct / feeling) is the source of knowledge and truth. Intuition is a thinking activity that is not based on reasoning. So Intuition is non-analytic and is not based on or a certain pattern of thinking and often mixes with feelings.
