The football world cup which is held every four years always has something unique to talk about. This year, Qatar is hosting the World Cup. Qatar is a country in the Middle East, located on a peninsula jutting into the Arabian Gulf with an area of around 11,521 km2. Since becoming independent from Britain in 1971, Qatar has emerged as one of the most influential oil and gas producers in the world. Since 2013, the country has been ruled by H.H. Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani. Qatar is an Islamic country whose laws and customs are rooted in Islamic law. This country is not as free as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) or as conservative as part of Saudi Arabia. In Qatar, the majority of citizens are Sunni Muslims.
Qatar's most powerful tribes hail from the interior of the landlocked Arabian Peninsula, where the Wahhabi ideology was born. Its National Mosque is named after the 18th century religious figure, Mohammed Ibn Abdul-Wahhab, who promoted the ultra-conservative interpretation of Sunni Islam known as Wahhabism.
Unlike Saudi Arabia, where in recent years Wahhabi observance has led to strict segregation of unmarried men and women, banning women from driving and going to concerts, going to the movies and even practicing yoga for decades, Qatar has long sponsored the arts and allowed women to participate. high level of government and encourage tourists to feel comfortable in this country. It also allows the sale of alcoholic beverages in approved hotels and bars.
Because Qatar is an Islamic country, the dress code must also comply with Islamic law. An example is the typical Qatari dress, namely Tsaub and Abaya. Tsaub is a white garment like a robe with a white cloth to cover the head worn by men. Abaya is a black women's clothing like a loose robe, and is usually combined with the use of a veil.
Prohibition of LGBT Attributes During the 2022 World Cup in Qatar
This year, the 2022 World Cup is very thick with Muslim overtones. This was seen during the opening ceremony of the 2022 World Cup which was accompanied by the recitation of the Koran, recitation of the Prophet's hadith and the imposition of a number of prohibitions under Qatari state law during the 2022 World Cup period. One of them is the ban on LGBT campaigns. LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender. 2022 World Cup security director Abdullah Al Nasari said:
"If you want to express your views on LGBT, do it in a society that can accept that. Don't come and insult the whole (our) society."
Qatar has received much criticism for classifying gay or LGBT people as criminals subject to criminal penalties. Local officials have publicly banned the presence of LGBT people, the use of LGBT-related symbols and attributes, and any related campaigning activities. It has become one of the most prominent events in the world as well as a serious concern among football fans around the world, who speak out for the rights of LGBT groups. The criminal threats made by Qatar openly and loudly are considered to violate the basic rights of members of the LGBT community. In fact, some fans are determined to continue to show their support for the LGBT community by wearing rainbow shirts or hats during the 2022 World Cup matches.
Protests were not only launched by the LGBT community, but football players also took part in voicing LGBT. The country that was most seen voicing protests was Germany. Initially Germany insisted on using the one love arm band during the match, but at that time FIFA regulations still prohibited the use of LGBT attributes. After being forced not to use the one love attribute, Germany protested before the match started by covering their mouths as a symbol of deprivation of the right to expression. To find out whether this is a violation of human rights, we must first know the concepts of sexuality and LGBT.
The Concept of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Identity
Talking about LGBT, it would be nice if we could differentiate between sexual orientation and sexual identity. Because those two things are very related to LGBT.
Sexual orientation
Sexual orientation is a term that refers to a person's attraction, whether sexual, romantic or emotional, to other people of a certain gender. Sexual orientation takes three forms:
- Heterosexual, who tends to only be attracted to the opposite sex.
- Homosexuality, the tendency to only like people of the same sex.
- Bisexual, namely the tendency to like both.
Sexual identity
Sexual identity is a term used to identify a person's gender. Gender identity may or may not be the same as the sex at birth. For example, someone identifies their gender identity as feminine because they were born as a woman. However, someone can also define their gender identity as female, even though they are actually called male since birth.
Remember that sexual orientation and gender identity are two different concepts. Everyone has their own sexual orientation and gender identity, but a person's gender does not determine their sexual orientation. For example, a transgender person may identify as heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, or not at all.
Get to know LGBT Terminology
After knowing the concepts of sexual orientation and gender identity, we can discuss the terminology of LGBT more deeply. The following is an explanation of LGBT terminology:
1. Lesbians
Lesbian is a sexual orientation that refers to a woman's sexual, emotional or romantic attraction to other women. In addition, the term lesbian is now also used to describe transgender's attraction to women or other transgenders.
2. Gays
Gay is a term that describes a person's sexual, romantic or emotional attraction to another person of the same sex. For example, a man is attracted to another man or a woman is attracted to another woman. However, the term gay is more often used to describe a man's attraction to other men. In addition, the term gay is also used for transgender men only interested in men and transgender women only interested in women.
Previously, this sexual orientation was called homosexuality. However, the term gay is now considered an outdated and offensive term. Therefore, the term gay is now more widely used than homosexual.
3 . Bisexual
Bisexual or often abbreviated as "bi" is a sexual orientation that describes a person's sexual, romantic or emotional attraction to 2 or more genders. For example, a man is attracted to both women and men.
However, the attractiveness of a bisexual is not always the same. For example, there are bisexual people who tend to be more attracted to women but also men and vice versa.
4. Transgender
Transgender is a term used to describe individuals whose gender identity or expression (male and female) is different from their sex at birth (male and female). Transgender is the term used for transgender people who have undergone physical changes through hormone therapy or surgery, or who have changed their identity, such as changing their name or gender.
LGBT and Mental Health
LGBT was originally classified as a mental disorder. However, in 1975, the American Psychological Association stated that a person's sexual orientation, such as lesbian, gay, and bisexual, is not a mental disorder. The World Health Organization (WHO) also plans to exclude transgender people from the category of mental disorders. Transgender people will then be classified according to gender mismatch.
This decision was made because psychologists found no link between sexual orientation and gender identity with a person's mental health. Instead, one's sexual orientation and identity are seen as normal aspects of human sexuality. Therefore, it can be concluded that LGBT is not a mental disorder. However, of course you can have your own opinion or views on LGBT.
LGBT in The Perspective of Human Rights
Freedom of expression is the shield of the LGBT community. In terms of human rights, LGBT needs to be protected as sexual diversity. Human Rights sees that discrimination against LGBT people undermines the human rights principles outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
The United Nations human rights mechanisms have taken notice of these violations as far back as the 1990s. This includes treaty bodies set up to monitor compliance with international human rights treaties, special rapporteurs and other independent experts appointed by the Human Rights Council. Over the decades, several high commissioners for human rights, the UN Secretary-General, and other senior UN officials have expressed similar concerns. Antonio Guterres, UN Secretary General, on 25 September 2018 stated:
"As long as people face criminalization, bias and violence based on sexual orientation, gender identity and sex characteristics, we must redouble our efforts to end these abuses,"
The UN issued a policy that all countries are obliged under international human rights law to promote and protect the human rights of all people without discrimination. Although not all countries follow what the UN has instructed.
LGBT in Religious Perspective
Christian
The Bible is recognized by Christians as the ultimate authority on all matters of faith and conduct. The Bible says a lot about LGBT, especially homosexuality. The Bible does not classify or classify homosexual behavior as congenital or a disorder. The Bible forbids homosexuality because God's Word says it is wrong and a sin. In this section, several verses from God's word become biblical data showing that LGBT is a sin.
Genesis 19:5 This story is the first mention of homosexuality in the Bible. Some data regarding this verse reveal that homosexuality was a common practice among the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah.
Leviticus 18:22; 20:13 is a warning to the Israelites not to practice homosexuality as the Canaanites did. In the good cult culture of that time, there were homosexual practices in the temples that led people to worship idols, which were disgusting customs that were opposed by God.
Romans 1:26, 27 reveals that homosexual behavior, like any other sin, stems from a refusal to honor and acknowledge God. If God is not known and His Word is ignored, then the nature of the flesh will deviate from the sexual relationship that was originally designed by God for men and women.
I Corinthians 6:9:10 makes it clear that homosexuals cannot have fellowship with God. A personal vertical relationship with God will not happen because they are away from God.
From some data God's word which explains that God actually talks about LGBT, especially homosexuality, the view that gay theologians are spreading that God doesn't talk about LGBT is a lie. Many Christians have been so poisoned by other people's philosophies and thoughts, that the truth of God's words has been obscured.
Islam
In Islam, the Koran and hadith are the main principles of life. Therefore, LGBT people are not excluded from discussions in the Koran and hadith. In the LGBT context, there are many proverbs that prohibit same-sex (homosexual) sex and describe it as disgusting, outrageous and unruly. Among them:
QS. al-Syu'ar': 165-166, which reads:
"Why do you have intercourse with other men among humans, and you leave the wives that your Lord has made for you, even you are transgressors."
QS. al-Naml: 54-55, which reads:
"And (remember the story of) Lut, when he said to his people: 'Why are you doing such abominable deeds, when you can see'. Why do you have intercourse with a man to fulfill lust, not a wife. Verily you are a people who do not know."
QS. al-'Ankabt: 28-29, which reads:
"And (remember the story of) Lut when he said to his people: 'Indeed, you have indeed done the most abominable deeds that have never been done by any of the people of the worlds. Do you really have to have intercourse with men, cheat and do evil in the places where you meet? So there is no answer from his people unless they say: 'Come to us the punishment of Allah, if you are among the truthful'.
QS. al-A'rf: 80-81, which reads:
"And (remember the story of) Lut, when he said to his people: 'Why are you doing a fahishah (very abominable) act that has never happened to anyone from the people of the universe. In fact, you have intercourse with a man to fulfill lust, not a wife. In fact, you are a people of excess.
Many hadiths explain the prohibition of homosexuality, both for gay men and lesbi women. Satisfaction of same-sex sexual desires includes adultery (disgusting behavior), as explained from Abu Musa, Rasulullah said:
"When a man has intercourse with a man, then both of them commit adultery, and when a woman has intercourse with a woman, then both of them commit adultery." (Narrated by al-Bayhaqi).
Likewise in the hadith sourced from Wathilah ibn al-Asqa', said:
"sexual intercourse between a woman and another woman is adultery". (Narrated by al-Bayhaqi)
Based on the Al-Qur'an and Hadith mentioned above, the scholars agree that LGBT is an unlawful act and against the law. The perpetrators can even be severely punished up to the death penalty, referring to Islamic Sharia law.
Conclusion
So, is Qatar's policy banning LGBT attributes a violation of human rights? The answer is of course not. We know that Qatar is a country with a Muslim majority. Even in Qatar, there are only two official religions, namely Islam and Christianity. Qatar is located in the Middle East, not in Europe, so naturally their culture is very different. Unlike liberal western countries, Qatar uses Islamic law to regulate its governance. And now that Qatar is the host of the world cup, it is fitting for visiting countries to respect the rules and culture of the host. If the LGBT community says that this is a universal value, this is a mistake.
Universal values are values that can unite with complex differences. For example, the universal value of the right to opinion, such as a demonstration against the government, does that violate other laws? Does it violate religious law? Certainly not. So that is what is called universal value. LGBT is very contrary to religion, especially Islam. And this is not mere refusal. Logically, a penis with a penis cannot create offspring because there is no uterus. Adopt a child? So, DNA is your son? no. Vagina with vagina cannot get pregnant because there is no sperm from the penis. Buy sperm? Then based on DNA, who is really the father of your child? It is not known, because the partners are both women. If so, don't have children. Then welcome to the human extinction.
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