The Knowledge of Modern Philosophy

2. History of the Birth of Rationalism

With the ongoing nature of the human mind and the growing ways of investigation in this modern age, people can answer many questions without concocted myth. According to A. Comte, in human development, after the stage of myth, humans evolved in stages philosophy, the ratio has been formed, but have not found a method of thinking objectively. The ratio is operational but less objective. In contrast to the theological stage, at this stage of human philosophy tries to use the ratio to understand object of superficially, but the object has not entered a definitive methodological.

Rationalism there are two kinds: in religion and in philosophy. In the field of rationalism is opposed to the authority of religion, in philosophy of rationalism is opposed to empiricism.

Rationalism in religion usually used to criticize the teachings of religion, rationalism in philosophy especially useful as a theory of knowledge. As opposed to empiricism, rationalism found in part and an important part of knowledge comes from the discovery of sense. The most obvious example is our understanding of logic and mathematics.

3. History of the Birth of Empiricism

Knowledge gained by deductive reasoning turned out to have a weakness, then comes another view based on concrete experience. Those who develop knowledge based on concrete experience is called adherents of empiricism.

Radical empiricism holds that in fact one can only acquire knowledge from experience using outer senses. Empiricism a doctrine philosophy which emphasizes the role of experience in acquiring knowledge and the knowledge itself, and downplays that sense. The term empiricism is taken from the Greek discuss empiricism which means try or experience. As a doctrine, empiricism is opposed to rationalism. To understand the contents of this doctrine must be understood first two fundamental characteristics of empiricism, namely the theory of meaning and theory of knowledge.

Understand empiricism considers that true knowledge is the knowledge obtained directly from concrete experience. According to empiricism understand this, these natural phenomena are concrete and can be captured by human senses. With the help of senses, man managed to collect very much knowledge. Adherents of empiricism construct knowledge by using inductive reasoning.