Furthermore, the analysis indicates that other factors such as land use and agricultural practices that do not adhere to soil conservation principles also contribute to high erosion rates. Without proper handling, erosion rates will continue to increase, worsening land degradation and threatening the sustainability of agriculture in the upper Deli watershed.
To address this issue, a holistic approach is needed that includes the implementation of soil conservation practices such as terracing, planting cover crops, and the use of modern technologies like GIS for erosion monitoring. These steps are expected to control erosion and restore the soil, thereby improving agricultural productivity and community welfare in the area.
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Policy Recommendations for Implementation in the Upper Deli Watershed
- Soil Conservation Implementation
The first step is to implement effective soil conservation techniques. One recommended technique is terracing, which involves creating steps on sloping land to reduce water flow speed and erosion. Terracing not only helps reduce erosion but also retains soil moisture, which is very beneficial for agriculture. Additionally, planting cover crops such as grass or other ground covers can help hold the soil in place, preventing it from being easily eroded by rainwater. These plants also increase the organic content of the soil, thus improving its fertility.
- Reforestation
Reforesting critical lands is another important step. Planting new trees in areas experiencing severe erosion can help strengthen soil structure and reduce erosion rates. Tree roots act as soil anchors, reducing surface water flow and increasing water infiltration into the soil. The chosen tree species should have strong root systems and grow well in local conditions. This reforestation program can also involve local communities in tree planting and care, increasing their awareness and participation in environmental preservation.
- GIS Technology Use
Continuous erosion monitoring using GIS (Geographic Information System) technology is another crucial recommendation. GIS can help map areas vulnerable to erosion, monitor land changes, and identify areas needing immediate intervention. With accurate and up-to-date data, the government and related parties can make precise and effective decisions to address erosion issues. Implementing this technology also requires training for local workers to operate the system properly.
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Policy Implications
Implementing these policies is expected to bring significant benefits to the upper Deli watershed area. First, it will reduce erosion rates, preserving the fertile soil layer. Second, it will improve soil fertility, positively impacting agricultural yields and farmer welfare. Third, with more stable and fertile soil, agricultural productivity will increase, ultimately improving the economic welfare of local communities. Community involvement in these programs can also increase environmental awareness and shared responsibility in maintaining environmental sustainability.
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