Islamic Philosophy

Islamic philosophy is a school of thought that Muslims follow and is closely tied to the Islamic teachings. Islamic philosophy and scientific philosophy are not that unlike from one another. Just that the philosophical context of Islam connects human concepts to live with the religious context of Islam.

Many aspects of Islamic philosophy are said to have developed from the teachings of Muslim thinkers in the Middle East rather than wholly from Greek philosophical ideas. Islamic philosophy will be discussed in more detail in this article, starting with its definition, traits, doctrines, and figures. See the section below for a detailed explanation of Islamic philosophy.

• Definition of Islamic philosophy

The words "philos" and "shopia," which are the roots of philosophy, are from ancient Greek. Philosophy is defined as the love of wisdom because the Greek words philos and shopia both denote very deep love and wisdom, respectively. Philosophy is generally understood to be the science that examines fundamental and broad concerns relating to things like existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

There are numerous branches of philosophy that are distinct from its study and thought. Islamic philosophy is one type of philosophy. Islamic philosophy is a system of thought that is centered on the Koran and looks to God's revelation for solutions to fundamental issues. Islamic philosophy itself is a philosophy that is put into practice based on the rules and principles of the Islamic faith.

The business of translating Greek philosophical works into Arabic gave rise to Islamic philosophy. The Abbasid caliph oversaw this effort at the time. Islamic teachings are based on the Koran and hadith, which are utilized as references, hence it is still claimed that Islamic philosophy has not been impacted by Greek philosophical thought.

The Quran it self contains extensive discussion of the idea of divinity, people, the cosmos, morality, ethics, and aesthetics, leading to the development of Islamic philosophy as a distinct philosophical school. It may be inferred from a number of justifications that Islamic philosophy is a methodical, radical, and all-encompassing way of thinking about everything based on Islamic principles.

• Characteristics Of Islamic Philosophy

Islamic philosophy is distinct from other schools of thought due to a number of factors. From the book Why Study Islamic Philosophy? by Muhammad Iqbal M., the following are the traits and distinctive qualities of Islamic philosophy.

1. As a Philosophy Of Religion And Spirituality

Because it is based on Islamic principles, Islamic philosophy is often referred to as religious philosophy. Islamic culture is lived by the philosophers, who are Muslims. The development of earlier theological and religious debates may also be seen in Islamic philosophy. As a result, religion and God are the main subjects of conversation in Islam.

2. Rational

Islamic philosophy nonetheless conveys reason and understands the issues in the universe using reason and logic, despite its religious and spiritual aspect. Muslim philosophers have investigated a number of discourses that demonstrate a logical and spiritual union. This is demonstrated by the Emanation Theory created by al-Kindi, al-Farabi, and Ibn Sina. Al-Farabi allegedly felt let down by Aristotle's book on metaphysics. Islamic philosophy can approach scholastic philosophy and even be in sync with modern philosophy in this religious and spiritual perspective.

3. Derived From The Qur'an And The Hadith

Islamic philosophy is grounded in Islamic religious doctrine, specifically the teachings of the Koran and hadith. The principles of revelation and logical reasoning ('aqli) are thus the sources of knowledge in Islamic philosophy. All scholars, Eastern and Western, agree that the Qur'an and Hadith had a significant impact on the evolution of Islamic philosophy. This is evident from various theories put out by Muslim philosophers, such as those of al-Kindi, who classified Islamic philosophy into three categories: physics, mathematics, and divinity.

• Figures In Islamic Philosophy

As was already mentioned, Muslim philosophers, not Greek ones, are the originators of many Islamic ideas. So who are the key figures in Islamic philosophy?. The people listed below are thought leaders in Islamic philosophy.

1. Al kindi

An influential Muslim philosopher is Al-Kindi. Al-Kindi was not only a renowned scientist in his era, but also a philosopher. There is no contradiction between philosophy and religion, according to Al-position Kindi's on the subject. The monotheistic science is the highest school of philosophy, according to Al-Kindi. Further more, according to Al-Kindi, philosophy is a means of discovering a truth's essence, and God is that truth's primary essence.

2. Al Farabi

An Islamic philosopher named Al-Farabi offers his opinions on the idea of happiness. He believed that people' need for happiness is the ultimate. Al-Farabi contends that via intention and knowing that has been intended, good activities can lead to happiness. Al-Farabi did 'amal irad in a psychological sense. He distinguished iradah from endeavor because of that. Al-Farabi claimed that although endeavor is purely the result of thought and analysis, iradah, or will, is born out of longing and desire, which are produced by feeling and imagination. Al-Farabi argued that people can be virtuous if they choose to. This is constrained, nonetheless, by the laws of nature, the surrounding area, as well as qada and qadar.

3. Ibn Sina

Ibn Sina is well-known for two writings that had a significant impact on medicine. Despite having a medical background, it turns out that Ibn Sina was also one of the philosophers who was interested in and created a lot of metaphysics and philosophy regarding the soul. Do it because "each one is given freedom according to his nature," is one of Ibn Sina's well-known quotes from Islamic philosophy.

4. Ibn Rushd

Ibn Rushd is a well-known Muslim physicist and philosopher who is admired for his critical and logical reasoning. He's known as Averroes in the West. The philosophical ideas of Aristotle, also known as Aristotelianism, are supported by Ibn Rushd. In an effort to bring the philosophy of the Islamic world back to Aristotle's original teachings, he extensively studied Aristotle's philosophy, wrote his interpretations, and published them. Neoplatonism, which is frequently present in the ideas of Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina, was originally attacked by Ibn Rushd because he believed it to be in opposition to Aristotle's philosophy. One of his well-known theories is that the mind functions according to maj'ani kulliyah, which, in a broad sense, encompasses significant things that are juzi'iyah (partial).

5. Al Ghazali

With his philosophical writings, Al-Ghazali is one of the most well known Islamic philosophers. He believes that science cannot be understood by the five senses of humans. Al-Ghazali is considered to place greater faith in reason than the five senses as a result. Al-Ghazali was a philosopher who later earned a degree in philosophy and taught at Nidzamiyah in Baghdad.

The above are a few justifications for Islamic philosophy. Even now, rational research based on Islamic precepts is conducted and developed in Islamic philosophy.