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After conducting tests in Antarctica, SpaceX announced that its Starlink satellites can now provide their services on all seven continents of the earth. The American National Science Foundation NFS (National Science Foundation) has confirmed that its employees have been testing for some time such a polar satellite service at its McMurdo Station.

Starlink satellites have reached another continent
Graphics: NFS
McMurdo is the largest NFS station operating in Antarctica, which serves as a logistics center coordinating the work of the entire US Antarctic program (usap). The employees of the station have recently at their disposal a space terminal communicating with Starlink satellites, which serves them for scientific research.

McMurdo, as a major centre for climate and geological research, already has a standard satellite link. However, it has limited bandwidth, so the Starlink terminal will significantly improve the operation of the entire station, as it transmits data many times faster. However, in this case we are not dealing with the traditional configuration of the service serving such a remote location as Antarctica, Starlink satellites carry out this task with the help of space lasers.

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SpaceX is testing this technology in the hope that in time it will build a global grid network based on it that can connect even remote locations, such as Antarctica or the seas and oceans, to the internet. Therefore, laser links are to be strengthened in future versions of Starlink satellites, which should generally increase their speed.

It is also worth remembering that SpaceX is not the first company that uses space lasers for communication. NASA has been testing for some time a similar technology to be used to communicate with its Artemis spacecraft.

Research led by scientists from NASA in Southern California reveals unexpected new data on how the Antarctic ice sheet is losing mass in recent decades. Scientists believe that it is unlikely that Antarctica could return to its pre-2000 size by the end of this century.

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The biggest uncertainty in predicting global sea level rise is how the loss of ice in Antarctica will accelerate with the warming of the climate, reads the website of NASA. Two studies published on August 10 reveal unexpected new data on how the Antarctic ice sheet has been losing mass in recent decades.

One study shows how the breaking away of ice from the face of a glacier has changed the coast of Antarctica over the past 25 years. Scientists have found that the edge of the ice cap is dropping icebergs faster than ice can be replaced. This discovery doubles previous estimates of ice loss from Antarctica's floating ice shelves dating back to 1997, from six trillion to 12 trillion metric tons. The loss of ice has weakened ice shelves and allowed Antarctic glaciers to flow faster into the ocean, accelerating the rate of global sea level rise.

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Another study shows in unprecedented detail how the thinning of Antarctica's ice spreads from the outer edges of the continent to its interior.

The results of both studies provide the most complete picture yet of how the frozen continent is changing.

- Antarctica is falling apart at its edges. And as the ice shelves shrink and weaken, the continent's massive glaciers accelerate and increase the rate of global sea level rise-explains Chad Greene, lead author of one of the studies, quoted by NASA.

The warming ocean destabilized the ice shelves of Antarctica
Most Antarctic glaciers enter the ocean, where they become floating ice shelves with a thickness of up to three kilometers and a diameter of 800 kilometers. Ice shelves act as a bulkhead for glaciers, stopping ice from sliding into the ocean.

In recent decades, a warming ocean has destabilized Antarctica's ice shelves, melting them from below, making them thinner and weaker.

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NASA has mapped the edges of ice shelves about 30,000 linear miles (50,000 kilometers) of the Antarctic coastline.

The loss of warming has so far outpaced the natural growth of glaciers that scientists believe it is unlikely that Antarctica will be able to return to its pre-2000 size by the end of this century.