When it comes to the Chinese-Indonesian community in Special Region Yogyakarta not having the right to own land means that no matter how much money they pay, the government can always take the land. It limits their economic growth. The prejudice that is heavily supported by the public services- the government, can initiate conflicts. The already disadvantaged community can only hope that the survives.
Does the man in power not know about all of those? They know. The government cannot be not aware of the topic. They created several official laws to put an end to racial discrimination. Internationally there are laws such as Universal Declarations of Human Rights, and in Indonesia we have Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2008 Tentang Penghapusan Diskriminasi Ras Dan Etnis. The two laws are few of the attempts to solve racial discrimination that sadly even after they exist still continues to happen. The "failed attempts" indicates how the lack of humanity can affect a whole system that led to community suffering in their lives.
What we have now
Racial discrimination is a major problem in itself. Having it on the public services system means the targeted community has it even worse. The African-American community in the US faces generational discrimination post-slavery that continues the prejudice amongst citizens outside of the community. Whilst having different backstories, the Chinese-Indonesian community living in Special Region Yogyakarta continues to not have the right to own land. Discrimination by official public service providers restricts them from growing, therefore falling behind.
The official law made to end racial discrimination and solved racial disparity has been proven to be ineffective. Targeted communities need more than just a law written. A combination of various aspects such as public policy, effectiveness of law enforcement, harmonization of governance, and natural resource management policies is needed (Adrian et al., 2021).
Reference:
Adrian, D. M., Wantu, F. M., & Tome, A. H. (2021). Diskriminasi Rasial Dan Etnis Dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional. Jurnal Legalitas, 14(1), 1--17.
CBS NEWS. (2021). Racism's corrosive impact on the health of Black Americans. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/60-minutes-disease-black-americans-covid-19-2021-04-18/
Craemer, T., Smith, T., Harrison, B., Logan, T., Bellamy, W., & Darity, W. (2020). Wealth Implications of Slavery and Racial Discrimination for African American Descendants of the Enslaved. Review of Black Political Economy, 47(3), 218--254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0034644620926516
Giulietti, C., Tonin, M., & Vlassopoulos, M. (2017). Racial discrimination in local public services: A field experiment in the United States. Journal of the European Economic Association, 17(1), 1--40. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvx045
Kamang, A. E., Sepang, M., & Pinasang, B. (2021). Kajian Tindak Pidana Diskriminasi Ras Dan Etnis Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2008 Tentang Penghapusan Diskriminasi Ras Dan Etnis. Lex Crimen, 10(5), 47--56.
