The Analitycal Approach theory is one of the theories that influence a country's foreign policy. This theory states that a country's foreign policy is influenced by its own domestic interests. Efforts to increase the strengthening of cyber defenses and anticipate the threat of cyber attacks have become the focus of the Indonesian government. These interests are generally identified in the national cyberspace or cybersecurity strategy, which often includes references to the diplomatic agenda. Key issues on the cyber diplomacy agenda include cybersecurity, cybercrime, trust building, internet freedom and internet governance. The Indonesian government conducts cyber diplomacy efforts through several relevant ministries towards other countries, both bilaterally, regionally, multilaterally and internationally. This is then followed up with efforts to improve cyber defense to meet domestic protection. Indonesia is a country that has a large cyber threat base in the world due to its large population, vulnerable areas exposed to threats and acts of cyber crime.
Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world, as well as the most populous country in Southeast Asia, which makes Indonesia vulnerable to cyber attacks. The number of Internet users in Indonesia in May 2020 was 171,260,000 people out of a total population of 273,563,615 in Indonesia, with a penetration rate of 62.6% (Internet World Stats, 2020). This makes Indonesia the fourth largest internet user in the world and the number one in the Southeast Asia region. The drastic increase in the spread of Internet users in Indonesia can also be a potential disaster for national security, because the Internet is now an important part of people's lives, utilizing the internet such as online shopping, paying bills, searching for information, communicating and supporting daily work. While this seems to bring many direct benefits to Indonesian society, it certainly creates incomprehensible security gaps. These vulnerabilities are exploited by irresponsible parties for personal or group interests. It is important to remember that all cyber technology users are part of a real entity called the state, where they have an identity and reside in the territory of the state.
One form of Indonesia's foreign policy to strengthen cyber security defense and anticipate the threat of cyber crime is Indonesia's policy to actively participate in cyber diplomacy in the TELMIN forum. Telecommunication Minesterial Meeting (TELMIN) is a negotiation forum in the ASEAN region which was later developed into ADMIN with input from Indonesia to discuss cyber and digital issues since 2019. Through this forum, Indonesia can participate and contribute in various meetings to discuss digital protection into a broader cyber.
TELMIN cooperation in fulfilling Indonesia's domestic interests and helping to address cybercrime in Indonesia can be done by strengthening the framework of cooperation in the cyber field between countries in ASEAN, including Indonesia. ASEAN TELMIN has been inaugurated since July 2001 in Malaysia, and has four objectives of the e-ASEAN Framework brought by the Telecommunications and Information Technology Senior Officials Meeting (TELSOM), namely to develop, strengthen and improve the competitiveness of the ICT sector, reduce the digital divide within and between ASEAN countries, promote cooperation between public and private actors, and develop information infrastructure. In addition, the Indonesian government has made a series of efforts to protect the cyber world from the threat of cyber crime, one of which is by issuing Law Number 36 of 1999 concerning Telecommunications and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The Indonesian government has also established cooperation with other countries, such as Australia, in dealing with cybercrime in Indonesia.
The Indonesian government has issued laws regulating information technology crimes, such as Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. Thus, TELMIN cooperation can help address cybercrime in Indonesia by strengthening the framework for cooperation in the cyber field between countries in ASEAN, while law enforcement policies are also very important in efforts to deal with cybercrime in Indonesia.
The objectives of cyber diplomacy in an effort to maintain domestic security through TELMIN:
1.Enhance the country's cyber security by establishing cooperation with ASEAN countries and international organizations in the field of cyber security.
2.Responding to cyber threats faced
3.Safeguarding national interests
4.Strengthen the country's cyber security
Benefits of TELMIN in domestic security efforts:
Identifying vulnerabilities: The TELMIN program helps organizations identify vulnerabilities in their electronic systems, which can be exploited by criminals. In addition, the Indonesian government has made a series of efforts to protect the cyber world from the threat of cyber crime, one of which is by issuing Law Number 36 of 1999 concerning Telecommunications and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The Indonesian government has also established cooperation with other countries, such as Australia, in handling cybercrime in Indonesia. In the effort to deal with cybercrime, law enforcement policies are also very important. The Indonesian government has issued laws that regulate information technology crimes, such as Law Number 11/2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions and Law Number 19/2016 on Amendments to Law Number 11/2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions. Thus, TELMIN cooperation can help address cybercrime in Indonesia by strengthening the cyber cooperation framework between ASEAN countries, while law enforcement policies are also very important in efforts to deal with cybercrime in Indonesia. the issue of cyber security is important to discuss because it is needed as a form of state protection to maintain and anticipate the misuse of access in cyberspace by irresponsible parties so as to cause threats, in the international world it is important for countries to increase defense in cyberspace in order to maintain and overcome attacks that cause the birth of threats and conflicts in the international structure.
In the current era, the world is faced with advances in the field of technology that is very sophisticated, this situation can have a positive effect on the life of the state. but on the one hand technological advances also have a negative impact on the aspects of the state, the attacks in cyberspace from irresponsible parties in order to obtain personal or group interests often occur, this phenomenon has become one of the points of emergence of divisions between countries, often crimes in cyberspace become a serious threat to the state and the international world, therefore it is necessary to establish a superior cyber defense system in order to anticipate the birth of conflict in cyberspace so that international peace can be maintained.
Zam Zam Fauzi Ritonga, from the International Relations Study Program, Yogyakarta University of Technology with B Accreditation Batch 2022.
Reasons for studying International Relations: I think it is important to learn a lot about the global order, relations between countries and learn about other countries. The different political, economic, social and cultural aspects are interesting for me to learn about.
Favorite lecturer: Mr. Puguh Toko Arisanto, S.IP, M.A. lecturer of International Politics, Ms. Lucitania Rizky, S.IP, M.A. lecturer of International Law and Mr. Muhammad Ridha Iswardhana, S.I.P., M.A. lecturer of International Economic Theory.
