The Development of The Seljuk Dynasty Through Domestic And External Diplomacy in The Period of His Reign

As stated earlier, Malik Syah was a very clever scholar and protector of knowledge. Nizam Malik was a vizier who came from Persian descent who was instrumental in the development of science at the time. He is a very brilliant figure in the reign of Alp Arsalan and Malik Syah. In 1065-1067 Nizam al-Mulk founded an Islamic tertiary institution known as al-Madrasah al-Nizhamiyah in Baghdad and became a model for Islamic institutions at that time. While Imam al-Ghazali is famous in the fields of Islamic science, tawawuf, and philosophy and is the most brilliant Fatimiyah school teacher.

Factors of decline in Daula Bani Seljuq

There are many factors that caused the decline of the Seljuq dynasty, but in general, there are two general factors behind it. Among them:

Internal factors

The greatness and unity of the Salajikah dynasty ended with the death of the sultan Malik Syah. The sultans thereafter were no longer able to unite their people, even a civil war broke out among the royal family to fight for power so that in that condition the formerly strong and well-known Seljuq on the stage of history turned into an empire that gradually became weak. Under these conditions, opportunities were opened for other groups to launch tactics in order to destroy the Salajikah dynasty.

External Factors

The Salajikah Dynasty experienced a disintegration marked by a crusade that broke out in 1097 AD and a rebellion by the Hasassiyyins who had the support of the Bani Fatimids in Egypt who had succeeded in killing Nizam al-Mulk as a minister of the minister during the reign of Alp Arsalan and Sultan Malik Syah. And coupled with the arrival of the Mongol army under the leadership of Genghis Khan who invaded and controlled the Islamic dominion that was once controlled by the Seljuq dynasty and when it was occupied by Halagu Khan, then this was the end of all the dynamics that had been achieved and achieved by the Selajikah dynasty at the stage of cultural history Islam at that time.