Postmodernism was originally developed in Europe, particularly France and Germany. According to Hancock and Tyler (2001), the term postmodernism originated in the late nineteenth century when it was used to describe the specific forms of the avant-garde new. Butler (2002) considers a pile of bricks Carl Andre, Equivalent VIII (1966), as an object postmodern.
Although the term postmodern is usually used in the field of art and architecture, according to postmodern management academics, Boje (1999), the term postmodern has also been seen in the field of natural sciences since the 1960s and beyond. Best and Kellner (1997) provides a comprehensive review related to interdisciplinary developments in postmodern science, arguing that many developments are centered around the chaos and complexity theory (see, for example, Cilliers, 1998).
Postmodernism is the ideology that developed after the modern era with its modernism. Postmodernism is not a single ideology the theory, but instead appreciate the theories are scattered and difficult to find common ground singular. Many figures give meaning postmodernism as a continuation of modernism. But the continuation was to be very diverse. For Lyotard and Geldner, modernism is a total disconnection of modernism.
Postmodernism relating to cultural expression postmodern era. Postmodern thought, or discourse, relating to the philosophical reflections of the postmodern era and culture. Postmodernism is intellectually expressive changes at the level of theory; on aesthetics, literature, political or social philosophy that consciously answering the conditions of postmodernity, or who are trying to move beyond or critiques of modernity.
Differences Between Modern and Postmodern.
Evalengical thinker, Thomas Oden, said that the modern period starts from the collapse of the Bastille in 1789 (French Revolution) and ended with the collapse of communism and the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
Modernism is a period which affirms and the possibility of knowing the truth by using only human reasoning. Therefore, in a sense symbolic reasoning replace God, naturalism replaced the supernatural.
While postmodernism is a reaction against modernism that have emerged since the late 19th century In postmodernism, the mind is replaced by desire, reasoning replaced by emotion, and morality was replaced by relativism. The fact is nothing more than a social construct; truth is equated with power or authority. Identity emerged from the group. Postmodernism has the characteristic fragmentation (fragmented into smaller), does not specify (indeterminacy), and a distrust of all things universal (world view) and structural strength.
Meanwhile, postmodernism is the antithesis of modernism. Almost all of the terms proposed by postmodernism is antonym terms modernism.
