b. Al-Ghazali (1065-1111 CE)
He is a Muslim figure that will greatly affect the Islamic world. He holds a "hujjatul Islam" (Islamic fortress).
4. Philosophy Second Period
This period is characterized by the appearance of scholars and experts in various fields who are also interested in philosophy. They are living in a time Daulah Amawiyah in Spain (Europe) at a time when Europe is in a period of darkness. With the emergence of Muslim philosophers in Europe, science and civilization grow and continue to rise. They are:
a. Ibn Bajjah (1100-1138 AD), in the West known Avempace
b. Ibn Tufail (d. 1185 CE), in the West known Abubacer
c. Ibn Rushd (1126-1198 AD), in the West known Averroce
5. Period Revival
This period begins with the awareness and the revival of the Islamic world after the decline minds since the XV century until the XIX century. Therefore, this period is also known as the Islamic Renaissance. Among the influential figures in this period was Jamal Al-Afgani,Â
Muhammad Abduh, Rashid Rida, Muhammad Iqbal, and many more.
B. Scholastic Philosophy Christian period
