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Strategies for Integrating Implicit and Explicit Learning

3 Januari 2025   10:05 Diperbarui: 3 Januari 2025   10:05 68
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Conclusion

Teachers can effectively integrate implicit and explicit learning within the same lesson plan. Implicit learning offers natural communication input, while explicit learning clarifies language system concepts. By balancing these approaches, educators can optimize language acquisition outcomes.

References

Ellis, R., Loewen, S., Elder, C., Erlam, R., Philp, J., & Reinders, H. (2009). Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in Second Language Learning, Testing, and Teaching. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847691767

Nassaji, H., & Fotos, S. (2011). Teaching Grammar in Second Language Classrooms: Integrating Form-Focused Instruction in Communicative Context. Routledge.

Park, E. S. (2020). Instructed SLA: A Practical Guide for Teachers.

Schmidt, R. (1990). The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning. Applied Linguistics, 11(2), 129--158. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/11.2.129

Schmidt, R. (2001). Attention. In P. Robinson (Ed.), Cognition and Second Language Instruction (pp. 3--2).

Swain, M. (1985). Communicative Competence: Some Roles of Comprehensible Input and Output in Its Development. In S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Input in Second Language Acquisition (pp. 235--256). Newbury House.

VanPatten, B. (2004). Processing Instruction: Theory, Research, and Commentary. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

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