At present, the market industry in Indonesia is experiencing fragility due to the high dependence on imported raw materials. Self-sufficiency in animal feed is needed to overcome this weakness. This is a hope that the poultry agribusiness problem that caused the destruction of livestock agribusiness during the monetary crisis will not be repeated again, which has an impact on the ruminant livestock industry. Feed raw materials are a key aspect in this problem. Self-sufficiency in feed and efforts to improve feed from local raw materials is a solution to this problem.
Domestic demand for meat often cannot be met, so the development of beef cattle requires serious attention. Low feed quality is one of the obstacles that are often encountered causing low livestock productivity. On the other hand, agricultural and plantation waste must be used optimally as raw material for local feed because so far this waste has only been used as fuel, organic fertilizer, and industrial raw materials. Improving the quality of agricultural and plantation waste through fermentation technology, supplementation and the manufacture of complete feed can be an effort to optimize the use of this waste as animal feed
Cereal plant straw is a type of waste from agriculture and plantations that has potential in terms of quality due to the production of rice straw, leaves and shoots. Sugarcane ranks first as a waste from agriculture and plantations. The high levels of cellulose and lignin and the low content of nutrients, essential minerals and vitamins make rice straw and sugarcane shoots low in the quality of the waste so that physical treatment is needed to improve the quality of the waste. Cutting (chopping), crushing, grinding, and making pellets are physical treatments that can be given to improve the quality of agricultural and plantation waste. On the other hand, the rumen requires biological treatment to alleviate the work of the microbes in it. Enzymatic activity by microbes from outside the rumen obtained through fungi and yeast can help the performance of microbes in the rumen
Utilization of by-products which are often considered waste from agro-industrial activities and biomass derived from agricultural and plantation waste can be used as animal feed so as to encourage agribusiness development in an integrated production system through agricultural and plantation patterns by recycling environmentally friendly biomass known as the "zero waste production system".
livestock support in developing beef cattle directly. In fact, many farmers still provide improvised feed without paying attention to the quality, quantity, and efficiency of feeding which causes non-optimal livestock productivity, even many farmers experience losses due to inadequate
feed. great influence on livestock productivity. Thus, the production of feed, in addition to being required for the feasibility of quality and nutritional adequacy, is also required how to produce feed that is economical, and affordable by the ability of farmers
