Muhammad Abdub's full name is Muhammad bin Abduh bin Khairullah. he was born in 1849 AD
His thought was that he argued that to see God not only through revelation but also through reason. And that becomes the focal point of Muhammad Abduh's thoughts, there are two problems, namely:
a. freeing the mind from the shackles of taqlid
b. improve Arabic style, both in conversation and writing. according to him the cause of the decline of Muslims at the end of the century was the old-fashioned attitude. that is, a static attitude or cling to custom.
Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot in 1873. His first teacher was his own father. He declared the extreme God. he considered that cosmology, teleology and ontology were arguments that were vulnerable to politics and showed little about experience. His thought is that Islam teaches dynamism in which there is dynamic dynamics. Where the motion is the main point of change in the middle of the universe. so, he rejects that Islam is static. therefore, humans must create change. according to him the Qur'an is something that raises human awareness about its relationship with God and the universe.
