Islamophobia and Global Politics: Strategies for Countering Challenges to Islamic Culture

Islamophobia, derived from the words "Islam" and "phobia" (irrational fear), is a form of prejudice, hatred, or discrimination against Islam or Muslims. The term first became widely recognized in the late 20th century as a reaction to increasing acts of hatred and discrimination directed at Muslim communities around the world. Islamophobia encompasses a wide range of manifestations, from negative stereotypes in the media, to discrimination in the workplace, to political policies that marginalize or discriminate against Muslims.