By: Ema Hari E.S
(209000018)
Knowledge management is the
process that creates or locates knowledge and manages the dissemination and use
of knowledge within and between organizations[1]. The
definition shows that knowledge management includes in three parts: knowledge
acquisition, knowledge dissemination and the use or responsiveness to
knowledge. Knowledge acquisition relates to the location, creation or discovery
of knowledge that can get from a variety of different sources such as reflect
person's skill and experiences, relationship between another firm and its
customer or supplier, comprise data and information about the financial status
of the firm, technological development, reading a book, an article, newspaper,
attending conference, joining training, joining the student club competition,
through a discuss or FGD (Focus Group Discussion), doing internship and
something like that. Based on dissemination, we can do by building a blog, speaker,
having facebook or twitter, building a club, writing a newspaper, discussion,
book discussion, etc. And responsiveness to knowledge relates to seek a job,
share to other people, have more friends, worship, etc.
Nowadays, knowledge management
becomes a new literature which is prominent to be inspected by managers or
academicians. Why? Although that is frequently happened at intern or extern the
organization, that has not any literature which can be a fixed theory, or
easily for being done. Don't know why
that is so difficult to be done. But, that focus has some people who have been
doing and made a book of knowledge management that based on their experience.
One of the legend of knowledge
management is Ikujiro Nonaka, who wrote the book; The Knowledge-Creating Company. Nonaka told about how success story
Matsushita Electric at 1985 when developing bread maker. At that time,
Matsushita Electric run into a failure to make bread maker. But, they solve the
problem by sending an employee, Ikuko Tanaka at the other professional firm,
Osaka International Hotel with professional chef. He learned with the
professional and went back to share to Matsushita Electric engineers what he
has gotten from Osaka International Hotel. With adding special part and making
the bread maker better, the firm got the record-breaking sales of the largest
kitchen fitting in the first year of marketing.
Based on the Ikuko Tanaka's
research, he made a formula which known as SECI (Socialization -
Externalization - Combination - Internalization) or Knowledge Spiral. Below is
the chart of SECI:
Externalization process is
changing tacit knowledge that we have becomes explicit knowledge. Combination
process is use the existing of explicit knowledge for implementing becomes
another explicit knowledge. Internalization process is changing explicit
knowledge as inspiration the coming of tacit knowledge. And the last,
socialization process is changing tacit knowledge to other tacit knowledge[2].
Application
of Knowledge Management for our self
Before we learn further away
about knowledge management, we should know the application of knowledge
management for our self. Because of the failure of application of this focus in
reality, may be caused by so many theories that are difficult to understand or
carried. As a student, we should begin to be more ingenious in saving our
files, moments, information, etc. accustom to save anything of knowledge we got
in a memory to be duplication. For example: set and arrange files that we have
gotten from various sources, write anything of our experience in a blog which
can share that into another side of world, save and arrange our files likes
papers, articles, reports, our books, etc. on our another memory to be
duplication, note all of our activities or creation's track record in our CV
(Curriculum Vitae), etc.
Why should we do something like
that? Life cycle rotation on and on where we can't be in University forever. After
we are graduated, we will rightly seek a job or moreover make a jobs. To be
aware later, if our save data will be a brilliant for the next goal. We can get
them to solve some problem or may be for sharing knowledge of information to
other employee who need a help. From what we are doing, we have not only helped
our friends or organization, but it is also about our vertical relationship,
worship.
[1]Journal
of Developing a measure of Knowledge Management Behaviors and Practices by
Jenny Darroch; 2003; 7, 5; ABI/INFORM Research pg. 41
[2]http://romisatriawahono.net,
diakses pada 11 Juli 2010 pukul 19.12.