S5: =you can count it, for example look what what’s the difference time with
there. How many hours?
S: seven hours=
S5: =seven hours ok you can call him early in the morning then it
will be evening in your
country.
Scaffolding
Finally, the last strategy possible to use in maintaining student's involvement in the discussion is implementing scaffolding. Scaffolding was a concept proposed by Jerome Bruner in 1970. It discusses certain temporary support given by teachers to help students learn, then remove it gradually as students achieve certain competencies to promote students' independence (Brunner, 1983 cited from Atipat Boonmoh & Thidaporn Jumpakate, 2019). This strategy may reduce students’ anxiety as teacher always ready to give language support as and when they needed. Aside from that, this could increase students' understanding of the content as well as the language since teachers exemplify directly certain expressions in real life. Here is an example of the teachers’ support in offering latched modeling, meaning giving quick language needed as shown in the dialogue.
S1: I don not know the password . . .
SS: /the password?/the password?/ (2)
T: =pin number . . .
