Psycholinguistics and the Transformation of Language Learning: A Comprehensive Study

     -Psychomotor: Pronunciation accuracy and language construction.  

     -Affective: Emotional management during communication.  

3. Challenges in Language Learning  

Psycholinguistics also helps identify challenges in language learning, including:  
- From Students:  
    Diverse intelligence levels, environmental influences, and lack of learning motivation.  
- From Teachers:  
   Limited mastery of linguistic materials or use of non-varied teaching methods.  
- From Curriculum:  
  Irrelevance between learning objectives and students' needs, or insufficient integration of theory and practice.  
- From Facilities:  
  Lack of teaching media, such as audio-visual aids, and inadequate physical learning environments.  

4. Dimensions of Language Learning

 
Language learning involves two complementary dimensions:  

1. Internal Dimension:  
   - Focuses on the study of language structure, including phonology (sound), morphology (word formation), syntax (sentence structure), and semantics (meaning).  
   - This dimension helps students understand the formal rules of language.  

2. External Dimension:  
   - Relates language to social aspects, such as psychology, culture, and religion.  
   - Prepares students to use language in various real-world contexts.  

5. Psycholinguistic Approaches to Language Learning  

Psycholinguistic-based language learning encourages the collaboration of linguistic and psychological knowledge. This is implemented through:  

- Communicative Approaches:
   Focuses on developing students' overall language competence (grammatical, discourse, strategic, and sociolinguistic).  
  - Encourages students to actively use language in everyday situations, making learning more practical.