And Tuanku Nan Renceh strengthened his fortress in Bonjol as the main base for the Paderi group. The situation changed drastically on January 3, 1833, when Dutch troops heading to Bukittinggi were killed in Pisang (Sipisang). This was followed by the killing of 10 Dutch soldiers on January 11, and even 139 Dutch people in Bonjol were also killed. News came from Lubuk Sikaping that 50 Dutch soldiers were dead, and the Dutch in Pariaman were also attacked.Elout changed his war tactics by employing several strategies:
1. Arresting and exiling Paderi leaders, individuals suspected of being close to the Paderi, and even those who had previously allied with the Dutch.
2. Launching all-out attacks on areas like Banuhampu, Kamang, Guguak Sigundang, Tanjung Alam, Biaro, Sungai Pua, Candung, and other nagari (villages) in an effort to fully control Agam.
On June 18, 1833, Dutch forces increased to 3,300 soldiers, 131 officers, and thousands of Malay followers. The largest attack was launched on Kamang on July 9 and 10, 1833. The Dutch attacked from four directions:
1. From the Suliki direction through Bukit Batu Bajak, passing the border between Agam and Lima Puluh Kota, led by Major De Quay.
2. From Bukittinggi through Guguak Bulek, Gadut, Tilatang, under the leadership of Van Der Taak.
3. From Bukittinggi through Tanjung Alam, Kapau, Bukik Kuliriak, Magek, Pintu Koto, led by Major Du Bus.
4. From the Baso direction through Salo, led by Overste Elout and Captain Riezs.
Elout and Reisz's attack was successfully repelled. However, on July 10, the arrival of Dutch troops from Suliki caused the Paderi forces to be surrounded and defeated. By July, all of Kamang's villages were taken over by Dutch forces. Lintau and Kamang were defeated due to the betrayal of Tuanku Limbur from Suliki. In the first attack, the Dutch were defeated, with 100 Dutch soldiers killed. Only in the second attack was Kamang captured, followed by the control of Lima Puluh Kota. By August 1833, the Dutch controlled the entire luhak (region) of Tanah Datar, Agam, and Lima Puluh Kota.
After Van Den Bosch came to power, the colonial policy was replaced with "winning the heart," aimed at winning over the population by abolishing taxes. Elout was replaced by E. Francis, who did not interfere with traditional governance. The Dutch issued the "Plakat Panjang," a declaration containing promises from the Dutch colonial government to the Minangkabau people.
To conclude this section, let's look at Abdul Qadir Djaelani's views on the three periods of the Paderi War in Minangkabau:
1. The period of 1809-1820, a cleansing period conducted by the Paderi against adat leaders who were considered deviant and contrary to Islamic law. This included battles between the Paderi and adat groups and the Pagaruyung kingdom.
2. The period of 1821-1832, a period of battles between the Paderi and the Dutch. The Dutch and adat groups tried to maintain their existence as rulers of Minangkabau, but the Paderi fought back fiercely.
3. The period of 1833-1837, a period of struggle by the entire Minangkabau society against Dutch power in the West Coast of Sumatra. The Paderi and adat groups united to fight the Dutch, but the Dutch, who had entrenched their power in several important cities, could not be defeated. Eventually, both adat and religious groups were subdued by the Dutch.
**The Story of the Death of the Paderi Hero**
Since 1821, the Paderi's power in Kamang had been increasingly pressured. This area began to face attacks from the Dutch, resulting in a shrinking of Paderi-controlled territory. Victories and defeats alternated. When the Paderi were cornered and defeated, Tuanku Nan Renceh retreated to the forest and went into exile.
In the last records, in 1822, Tuanku Nan Renceh was still heard of assisting his disciple, Tuanku Imam Bonjol. The disappearance of Tuanku Nan Renceh's name may be due to his increasingly isolated position in Kamang, along with his aging condition. In 1825, through an intermediary named Datuak Ujung, Tuanku Nan Renceh signed the Masang or Padang Agreement with Resident de Steurs, agreeing to cooperate in eradicating Islamic ignorance and resolving issues in Minangkabau. After that, news of Tuanku Nan Renceh vanished.
Vigelius, in "Fragmenten eener beschrijving van Sumatra's Westkust" (TNI 13.II, Afl.7, 1851: 7-16, p.11), and E. Francis, in "Herinneringen uit den levensloop van een 'Indish' Ambtenaar van 1815 tot 1851, Vol.3" (Batavia: H.M. van Dorp, 1859, p. 73), state that Tuanku Nan Renceh died in 1832 in 'Medjang,' an area within Bukik Kamang, Luhak Agam. The area known as Mejan still exists today. In Mejan, there are remnants of a settlement, including building foundations, an old path, a large mortar, and a large stone resembling a gravestone or menhir.
According to the Manuscript of Tuanku Imam Bonjol, Tuanku Nan Renceh died from illness: "After that, it was told that Tuanku Nan Renceh fell ill. By the will of Allah, he did not suffer long and returned to His mercy" (Manuscript p. 58 in Sjafnir Aboe Nain [transliterator], Tuanku Imam Bonjol). In the year of his death, the Paderi movement's center had already moved to Bonjol, under the leadership of Tuanku Imam Bonjol, one of the Paderi commanders 'raised' by Tuanku Nan Renceh himself.
