Globalization
According to John Huckle (iMiriam Steiner, 1996), globalization is a process where events, decisions, and actions in one part of the world have a significant impact on individuals and communities in distant areas. According to Peter Drucker, globalization is a broad term to describe the processes at the heart of the global economy.
In other words, the term globalization is used to describe the process of the rapid spread of global communications, the growth of international trade, and global financial markets. The development of the times is very fast in creating sophisticated technology. Advanced technologies such as smartphones and social networks are an everyday part of today's globalization era. Because the skilled and reasonable use of the Internet has many advantages. The existence of sophisticated technology such as smartphones and internet networks has become daily food for people in the current era of globalization. Internet use varies widely in Indonesia, reflecting differences in outreach.
Internet
The internet has become an important part of some people throughout the world because there are many benefits to be gained if we use the internet carefully and intelligently. The internet can be used as a medium of communication and education.The affordability of mobile phones, due to lower phone costs and service plans, has accelerated the growth of internet users.
This is the stage of cooperation as an ideology, and cooperation as a system of power in the late modern era. Of course, using the internet cannot be separated from social media, where various social media have been created in society, in fact almost every country has its own local social media network. This is evidenced by the emergence of various social media such as Instagram, Twitter, Youtube, Line, and so on. This social media is what internet users consume because almost everyone has social media. Access is very easy and it is enough to use a smartphone, we can find out what is happening in the world, by accessing news through social media. Especially during the Covid 19 era, social media is very influential in connecting. Through social media, we can also increase our creativity, for example by making creative videos on Youtube or learning various skills through websites or videos on the Internet.
History of social media
GeoCities is a milestone in the creation of various websites. Between 1997 and 1999, the first social media sites were born, namely Sixdegree.com and Classmate.com. not only that, but this year there is also a page for creating a personal blog, namely Blogger. Then came Friendster which then developed rapidly. In 2003 social networks began to emerge such as LinkedIn, MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, Wiser, Google+, and so on. Currently, social media is not only used by ordinary people but also by state officials and lite-class people. At the moment the development of social media is increasingly massive. Human activities on social media are also increasingly diverse, ranging from communication to selling, and other activities.
In 2017, social media users had a very significant number of 92.82% and 7.18% of non-social media users. Most social media users come from groups with very high educational backgrounds. It can be seen from the three largest groups, namely, Diploma/S1 (97.55%); SMA (97.5%); and Masters/S3 (96%). The more years, the more social media users. Reporting from Dataindonesia.id, Indonesian teenagers use the internet the most compared to other age groups. Judging from the internet penetration rate in the 13-18 year age group, it will reach 99.16% in 2021-2022. According to We Are Social and Hootsuite reports, the number of internet users worldwide reached 5.07 billion people in October 2022. This number reaches 63.45% of the global population which totals 7.99 billion people. Along with the growth of internet users, social media users around the world also continue to increase. Although the use of mobile phones is very popular, the report states that two-thirds of global internet users still use laptops and computers for some of their activities.
Benefits of social media
The existence of social media makes it easier to access information, interact with many people, and expand relationships, distance and time are no longer a problem, easier to express yourself, with cheaper costs, and so on. With social media, we can access information anytime and from anywhere. We are not longer need to wait for newspapers to come or look for news programs on television. If you want to find the latest information on current issues, we can look at Twitter or about any topic, it's sure to be on online news portals. Relationships with family, friends, or anyone can be strengthened through social media. If a friend has a birthday or wins a certain competition, we can congratulate him via social media. When they experience other important events in life, we can also provide support by typing comments or simply liking the upload. Apart from that, the existence of social media helps the process of becoming a small businessman. We can start a business by opening an Instagram account, placing ads on Facebook, and using paid promotion services for promotions.
Negative impacts of social media
Some of these negative impacts may occur, such as viewing shows that are not age-appropriate and spreading personal information such as real name, photo, school name, city, and date of birth. In addition, the increased risk of cyberbullying and the use of social media also have an impact on psychological health. Psychological impacts that can arise in children and adolescents due to excessive use of social media include anxiety disorders and depression.
As a result of the existence of social media, directly causes changes in society, changes in culture, changes in their lifestyle, and other changes. Changes in adolescents are especially seen in culture, these changes can be a set of behavioral changes that are easy to do, for example, in the way of speaking or communicating, dressing, eating, and entering one's cultural identity. It's as if they forget their own culture, and prefer to apply foreign culture in their lives.
Social change in adolescents
According to Wlliam F. Ogburn, the scope of social change consists of both material and immaterial elements of culture. Social change occurs because of discoveries or modifications in society, one of which is modifications in technology are increasingly developing to create social media in people's lives, especially teenagers. The changes that occur in these students include the style of communication or interaction, language, style of dress, and others, which all enter a major influence on the daily lives of these teenagers.
First is the style of communication. In the past when we wanted to talk about something or just tell stories we needed time to meet each other, but after social media, we can communicate with each other only through chat features via social media such as BBM, line, WA, and others. Many teenagers admit that they prefer to communicate via social media because it can save time without having to meet face to face. So indirectly this has changed our style of communicating with and interacting.
Second, change the language. Even though they still use Indonesian in their everyday language, the use of foreign languages in playing social media cannot be avoided. For example, uploading a photo but writing a description of the photo in English, not infrequently even when they hang out they use English. Because English is indeed a global language, and according to teenagers now they will look cool/in slang if they are using English. Apart from that, social media has also created strange languages called “alay” language, such as the spirit of being “grubby” and so on.
As a result of environmental factors and globalization, every generation of teenagers, especially in the city of Surakarta, most of them do not understand Kromo or Kromo Inggil Javanese, for them this level of language is difficult to understand today. Unknowingly these things happen due to the influence of social media and the current era of globalization.
Third, changes in interaction patterns. Teenagers claim they can use the internet to broaden their horizons and broaden their associations and friendships. They admit that without meeting face to face and getting acquainted in person they can be friends with anyone from anywhere and can meet new friends on their social media accounts.
However, you need to be vigilant because in this day and age there are so many crimes happening in cyberspace, many have become victims of murder, kidnapping, and other crimes as a result of knowing other people through social media. Of course, this is a concern for all of us to be more vigilant and not easily trust people we just met on social media.
Finally, change the pattern of habits. With the development of social media today, people can not only communicate but also buy and sell transactions, so this causes changes in transactions. In the past, people who wanted to shop for clothes or shoes had to go to a shop/boutique first, but now only with social media can people buy things. Teenagers admitted that they prefer to shop online because the goods they buy are sometimes not for sale in stores or shopping core, even though by shopping online if we are not careful we can become victims of fraud, or sometimes the goods ordered are not the same as the goods sent by the seller.
Another thing that arises as a result of the internet and social media is searching for information and finding information easily without having to read books, newspapers, or magazines. They even admit that sometimes if they get an assignment, they can complete it with the help of social media. All of these things have indirectly changed the habit patterns of today's teenagers.
It can be concluded that social media has an extraordinary role in this globalization. Changes in individuals are strongly influenced by the activities carried out and depend on the choices of the individual in behaving. This is shown by the symptoms that appear in the daily lives of today's youth, from the way many of our teenagers dress and imitate the western culture.
They wear clothes that are minimal in the material where they show body parts that shouldn't be visible. Even though this way of dressing is into by our culture. Not to forget the dyed hairstyle following western culture where the majority of people there are blonde. Not many teenagers want to preserve the nation's culture by wearing polite clothes according to the national personality. Many teenagers are also embarrassed to wear our cultural clothes such as "Batik". Of course, this is also influenced by technological developments where these young people imitate western culture through their social media.
Because globalization adheres to freedom and openness so they act as they please and imitate what they see on their social media. As well as not ruling out the possibility that many social media users spend hour just on social media, this of course indirectly changes the activity patterns of teenagers.
Social media easily makes people connected. Both near and stretched by distance and time. You also have connections with various people from all over the world. However, this change in globalization has made many young people lose their personalities as Indonesians, globalization is like a boomerang if the thrower cannot catch the boomerang that is thrown properly then it will hurt themselves. Young changes are in culture, these changes can be a change in conduct that is easy to do, for example in communicating or dressing. It's as if they forget our own culture and prefer to apply foreign culture in their lives. So, we need to be careful and reasonable in using social media to provide benefits and not harm ourselves or others.
