The influence of psycolinguistics on language acquisition and learning

Makassar, Indonesia -- In the field of education, understanding the relationship between psycholinguistics, language acquisition, and language learning has become increasingly relevant. A study conducted from May to December 2016 by Nurhayati from the State Islamic Institute of Mandailing Natal explored this relationship by analyzing the stages of language acquisition among children in both formal and informal educational settings in Makassar.

The study employed a cross-sectional approach, involving 15 children from kindergartens and elementary schools. Primary data were collected through direct observation, while secondary data were obtained from additional information related to the participants. The research aimed to understand how psychology and linguistics contribute to the language acquisition process.

Stages of Language Acquisition

The study identified four main phases of children's language acquisition:

1. Babbling (0-1 year): The child begins to produce basic sounds.
2. Holophrase (1-2 years): Single words are used to convey complex meanings.
3. Two-Word Speech (2-2.5 years): Simple two-word combinations emerge.
4. Grammar Initiation (2.5-3 years): The child begins to use more complex language structures.

Additionally, four advanced stages based on Piaget's cognitive development theory were observed, ranging from the sensorimotor stage to the formal operational stage.

Psycholinguistics and Language Learning

The results highlighted the critical role of psycholinguistics in understanding the process of language learning, both formally in classrooms and informally in everyday environments. The study emphasized the importance of teachers in creating adaptive learning environments that cater to students' psychological needs. This includes recognizing learning disorders such as dyslexia and applying innovative therapeutic methods like the DORE method.

Concluded that a deep understanding of psycholinguistics can help teachers address challenges in teaching language skills, such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. "Psycholinguistics provides insights into how students process language, enabling teachers to support learning more effectively," she stated.

Research Impact

This study makes a significant contribution to the development of more effective language learning methods, particularly in Indonesia. By understanding the interaction between psychology and linguistics, educators can enhance the success of language learning for both children and adults.