1. Muhammad Abduh was born in Mahaalat Nasr, Egypt in 1849 and died in 1905. His father was named Abduh Hasan Khairulah who was of Turkish blood who had long lived in Egypt. His mother is of Arabic origin. Education was initially carried out at home by reading, writing and memorizing the Qur'an. In a relatively short time, namely two years Abduh teenagers have memorized the Qur'an.
In 1862 when he was 14 years old he was sent to Tanta to study religion, two years later he felt he did not understand anything because he was implanted using the method of memorization. This method of learning was very boring for Abduh teenagers, then he returned to his hometown. In 1865 (age 16 years). After only forty days of marriage, he was forced to return to study in Tanta. He left, but not to Tanta. He hid in one of his uncles, Sheikh Darwish Khadr. Sheikh Darwish Khadr knew about Abduh's reluctance to study, so he always persuaded the young man to read a book together. After that,
2. Muhammad iqbal
His full name is Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Nur Muhammad Rafiq. Born in 1877 AD, on Siyalkut in the province of Punjab, India. His father is a Sufi. Because his father saw Muhammad Iqbal always reading the Qur'an, his father said "if you want to understand the Qur'an, then always read the Qur'an." I see the Qur'an as being revealed to you. "
His father's teacher and friend, Mir Hasan, predicted Muhammad Iqbal that he would have a bright future. His teacher hoped that Muhammad Iqbal would like to study Islamic civilization and strengthen it. The teacher also strengthened himself with the true Islamic aqeedah. He entered the University of Lahore and successfully obtained his S. 1 and S. 2 diplomas. His doctorate in philosophy was obtained from Cambridge University in London. He also obtained an Advocacy certificate from the University of London. Then he worked as a lawyer in his country.
there are 4 thoughts,
1. kalam science, Sufism, philosophy, social science (combined)
2. he does not separate philosophy and siology in dealing with Muslims
3. have brilliant thoughts through poetry
4. save the spiritual and liberation of women by changing the fate