The Object and Flow of Philosophy

In philosophy there are three major branches of philosophy, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology. In this chapter we will find out about ontology. Ontology is the science that discusses the nature of philosophy, which in essence explores the true meaning of philosophy.

The objects of ontology studies include logic, metaphysics, cosmology, theology, anthropology, ethics, aesthetics, educational philosophy, and legal philosophy.

The object of metaphysics lies in discussing the most universal principles, things that are extraordinary, characteristics of basic things that are beyond human experience, a comprehensive view of everything, discussing issues such as the relationship between things and things, the nature of change, understanding of freedom, the form of god, life after death and others.

In ontology there are several types of flow:

1- The idealism flow, namely the flow whose existence is outside of physical objects. This flow has the assumption that physical objects will be damaged. And in essence, it will not bring someone to the true truth.

2- The flow of monoism, which is a flow that assumes that the essence of everything comes from one. Both in terms of material and spiritual use only one source.

3- The flow of dualism, that is, a school that holds that things have two natures, such as material and spiritual, matter and spirit, body and spirit, of these two types of nature are both azali and eternal.

4- The flow of existentialism, which is a flow that has a tradition of thought that is in line with European philosophers. Which of these thoughts stems from human subjects, in which not only humans think, but also individuals who do, feel, and live.

5- The flow of realism, formed from the word real which has a true, serious or real meaning. This flow assumes that there is a real external world which is an object of perception so that it can be recognized by the senses, and indeed it is true, the object can also be investigated, analyzed, and studied through science.