Menulis Artikel Akademik yang Efektif (Bagian 1: Abstrak)

Perhatikan contoh abstrak yang kurang efektif berikut:

Abstract  

Many types and titles of databases consume time for designers to decide which database to use. There are even traditionals and noSQL.This paper explains what have happened to how database are developed from traditional databases into today databases. From the process and the systems they use, this paper also describes what each development contributes to make databases work the way they are now. Technically the performances of a database systems depends on hardware, software, and database tuning [1]. Therefore, this paper limits the explanation on these three aspects. It is expected the details can help to make decision easier wether to use relational or noSql database and picture how the future of the databases development.

Ada beberapa kesalahan pada penulisan abstrak di atas, salah satunya pada penulisan paragraf.  Setiap paragraf memiliki topik dan gagasan utama yang dapat berbentuk deduktif  atau induktif (ide pada akhir atau awal paragraf). Pada abstrak di atas, kalimat pertama dan terakhir tidak mengandung topik atau ide, oleh karena itu akan diperbaiki menjadi:

Abstract

This paper explains what have happened to how database develop from traditional databases into today databases to reduce time for designers in making decision about which database to use. For example, the decision can be whether to use traditionals or noSQL or even cloud architecture. From the process, the architecture and the systems, this paper describes what contributes to make databases work the way they are now. Technically the performances of a database systems depends on hardware, software, and database tuning [1] and these aspects will be discussed through literatures referencing and time computing. Therefore, this paper limits the focus on these three aspects. It is expected the details can help to make decision easier wether to use relational or noSql database and picture how the future of the databases development.

Sekarang perhatikan abstrak yang telah diperbaiki tersebut:

1. Jelas dan straightforward. Apa yang ingin diutarakan langsung terletak pada kalimat pertama.

2. Abstrak memiliki komponen-komponen abstrak, yaitu:

1. Latar belakang: to reduce time for designers in making decision about which database to use
2. Tujuan penulisan atau penelitian: From the process, the architecture and the systems the database use, this paper describes what each development contributes to make databases work the way they are now.
3. Fokus: hardware, software, and database tuning
4. Lingkup: Technically the performances of a database systems depends on hardware, software, and database tuning.
5. Metode: These aspects will be discussed through literatures referencing and time computing.
6. Hasil: It is expected the details can help to make decision easier wether to use relational or noSql database and picture how the future of the databases development.
7. Simpulan: From the process, the architecture and the systems the database use, this paper describes what each development contributes to make databases work the way they are now.

FYI:

Introduction